Forgotten Horrors: The Nazi sub-camp system

Hubertshutte Hubertshutte was established in Łagiewniki Śląskie near Bytom in late December 1944, located near the Hubertus mill, owned by the Berghutte company. There were 200 prisoners, most of them Jews, temporarily housed in a barrack while the camp itself was under construction. Some of these prisoners erected a fence around the camp while others did other work such as unloading coke and gravel and digging foundations for a new factory building. The management of the mill were planning to move a few thousand prisoners into the camp, which was commanded by SS-Unterscharführer Josef Eckhardt. In January 1945, the prisoners were marched to Gliwice where they were transported by rail to Sachsenhausen. Steelworks main entrance

Tschechowitz II Tschechowitz II or Tschechowitz-Vacuum was established on a farm in late September 1944 near a railroad station close to the Czechowice refinery. The first prisoners consisted of 300 Jews from the Litzmannstadt ghetto who were housed in a large brick stable building, sleeping on three-tier bunks. A washroom and storeroom were built nearby and there was a square near the stables, the entire site surrounded by a chain-link fence. In October 1944, 300 more Jews arrived from Theresienstadt ghetto. The prisoners were put to work dismantling factory buildings hit by air raids, bricklaying, concreting, building roads and repairing railway tracks. The camp was commanded by an SS man named Knoblik. There were several SS guards and they were complemented by a number of factory guards, Organisation Todt workers and police. At the time of its evacuation in January 1945, there were 561 prisoners in the camp. Most of them were marched to Wodzisław Śląski and then transpor